IN MEMORIAM Charles H. Tweed, Harry L. Bull
Charles Tweed was the outstanding orthodontist of our time. He had more impact on our specialty than any other individual since Edward Angle.
He, more than anyone else, revolutionized orthodontic thought by making anterior teeth the primary diagnostic focus and by his advocacy of extraction of teeth when necessary to achieve orthodontic treatment goals. One can only bow before the moral and physical energy of a man who would retreat three hundred patients completely, because he was convinced that he could do a better job the second time by extracting four bicuspids and retracting the anterior teeth to upright positions.
This, of course, became the basis of the Tweed philosophy of orthodontic treatment which came to be accepted in some degree by a majority of modern orthodontists in this country.
Along with the Tweed philosophy, he developed the Tweed technique of orthodontic treatment with the edgewise appliance and he taught this technique to perhaps two thousand orthodontists. He was an inspirational teacher. No one who took his course could fail to be inspired to be a better orthodontist.
Dr. Tweed was a great clinical orthodontist. He frequently denied it, but he was better able than most men to make his hands do what his mind saw; and he had an evangelical quality which inspired his patients to achieve what he sought to achieve.
He had this magnificent obsession. He was dedicated to excellence in orthodontic treatment. He spent his lifetime trying to find the key to unlock the secrets of growth and development and of diagnosis and treatment planning.
He was the author of many articles and he wrote a book which, characteristically, introduced a new approach to serial cephalometry as a vehicle for growth trend analysis. Once more, he intuitively was attracted to a useful procedure in orthodontic diagnosis.
At a time when this journal was struggling to survive, Dr. Tweed saw merit in a clinical orthodontic journal and he contributed a three-part interview which will always be a high point in our history. We cannot forget that he did this simply because he thought that we should exist and be supported.
Charles Tweed was a giant among us and it may be some time before his like passes our way again.
Harry Bull was very much like Dr. Tweed. He brought to bear on orthodontics sound judgment and extraordinary common sense. What he knew he learned from his clinical experience and his keen observation of what worked and what didn't work. He was totally dedicated to his profession and to his patients.
Dr. Bull was an early advocate of the Tweed philosophy and, to implement it, he originated the Bull technique of orthodontic treatment.
For many years he headed the Bull Study Group, an outstanding example of what an orthodontic study group can be.
Harry Bull said, "Don't tell me what you are going to do. Show me what you have done. Put your plaster on the table." He meant, of course, did you actually achieve what you planned to achieve? Honesty and integrity are qualities that are not rare in our profession, but Harry Bull possessed them to an extraordinary degree.
He had been inactive for several years and it is a pity that the youngest generation of orthodontists was not touched in some way by him, because in the growing years when orthodontists were flying by the seat of their pants, here was a man who did a lot of solo flying and who taught a lot of young men the fundamentals and techniques that he developed along the way. 
